TORONTO—The Dalai Lama began his visit to the U.S.
last week with an appeal to Chinese-language media overseas
to report objectively on the turmoil in Tibet. In a Saturday
meeting with Chinese press in Seattle, he called the accusations
against him "fabrications" intended to "demonize"
him and his people.
"I very much hoped to meet with overseas Chinese media
because at this time we really need outside help to ease the
situation," he was quoted as saying.
The Dalai's appeal may be founded in concerns over the slant
taken by several major Chinese-language media outlets in North
America, which have largely parroted the communist party's
line on Tibet.
Tibetans fear one-sided reporting is fueling Chinese resentment
toward followers of the Dalai Lama.
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Take for example, Sing Tao Daily, a Chinese-language newspaper
in Canada owned by Torstar Corp., the publisher of Canada's
largest circulation English-language daily, The Toronto Star.
On Sunday, Sing Tao and Toronto Star each ran the same story
at the top of their front page, an article by Toronto Star
immigration and diversity reporter Nicholas Keung. Sing Tao
labeled the article "Special from The Toronto Star ,"
but it had some noticeable differences from Keung's original
as it appeared in the Star.
The Star ran the story under the headline "Chinese Canadians
Conflicted on Tibet." The article probed the feelings
some Chinese Canadians have in hoping for more human rights
in their homeland while also feeling nationalist sentiment
towards the upcoming Olympics and what they perceive as interference
by Tibetan protesters.
The Star also quoted observers – including the publisher
of this newspaper, Cindy Gu – who said the Chinese regime
has intentionally confused national pride with support for
the communist party its policies, such as its handling of
Tibet.
Those comments were cut in the Sing Tao version, which used
instead a page-width headline: "The West Attacks China
With Tibet Issue, Inciting Chinese Patriotism Overseas."
By the time Sing Tao's editors were through with the story,
criticism of the Chinese regime had been removed. There was
no mention of an effort to distort facts to stir up nationalism.
Instead, the story opened with two paragraphs apparently added
by Sing Tao editors, berating Western news coverage and critics
of the crackdown in Tibet.
"When China is suppressed by the West," it read,
"overseas Chinese generally feel outrage, and would not
forget to step forward to defend China." Sing Tao offered
as examples of this "suppression," Western media's
reports on the Tibet crackdown and the recent protests that
met the Olympic Torch.
The article continued: "Most Mainland Chinese immigrants
stand on the side of the Chinese government, supporting the
suppression of the rampant Tibet independent forces before
the Beijing summer Olympics."
Even critics of Chinese human rights "think it is not
necessary for the West to use Olympics to 'bash' China,"
it said.
Sing Tao's managing editor, Wilson Chan, defended the changes.
Chan said the radical revision of the headline fell within
an editor's right to use whatever headline best suited the
story.
"Different editors have different readings; if this
is the way the editor reads into it, then it's the way he
reads into it," said Chan.
He said criticism of the regime was cut because some of these
comments were "not something new." He also said
these quotes appeared toward the bottom of the article, where
editors frequently cut if a story runs too long.
But Sing Tao's cuts included some mid-article paragraphs
quoting a Chinese broadcaster on how Chinese nationalism had
begun to erode the support for democracy in Hong Kong.
Sing Tao's editors also broke the article into sections under
four conspicuously pro-Beijing subheadings: "Harming
Chinese People," "China Is Like a Mother,"
"Human Rights Will Gradually Improve," and "Unfair
to China."
The editors appear to also have tampered with quotes.
Comparing the Sing Tao version with the original Toronto
Star article, The Epoch Times noticed that Sing Tao appears
to have added "so-called" in front of "human
rights violations" in a quote from the radio broadcaster.
And "Tibetans" were changed to "Tibetan separatists"
in the comments from a Markham investment advisor.
Chan denied there was any significant change to the radio
broadcaster's quote and he said all Chinese media use the
phrase "Tibetan separatists," but could not explain
why it was added to the middle of a quote.
"We try to get close to the original meaning itself;
we don't try to distort the story," he said.
Calls to the reporter who wrote the Toronto Star story and
to Carol Peddie, vice-president of the Torstar venture company
that overseas Sing Tao, were not returned.
Although in Canada Sing Tao is majority owned by Torstar,
the newspaper maintains an editorial relationship with the
parent Sing Tao company in Hong Kong, Sing Tao News Group.
The Chairman of Sing Tao News Group, Charles Ho, is a member
of the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political
Consultative Conference, a distinction reserved for the Chinese
Communist Party's closest allies.
The Jamestown Foundation, a U.S.-based think-tank that monitors
threats to democracy and freedom, analyzed Beijing's influence
on overseas Chinese media in 2001.
It found that the Sing Tao Daily and three other Chinese newspapers
were under the direct influence of the Chinese communist government.
"As preparation for Hong Kong's return to China in 1997,
the Chinese government made vigorous attempts in the early
1990s to purchase several major media agencies in Hong Kong.
This was done through the use of third-party merchants who
have close business ties with China," said the report.
In the case of Sing Tao, the regime provided financial help
to then-owner Sally Aw Sian, who ran into a financial crisis
in the late 1980s, Jamestown said. What followed was the paper's
transformation into a pro-communist paper that even saw a
former editor of The People's Daily (the Chinese regime's
official mouthpiece) take the helm.
According to political commentator Dr. Kengchit So, who emigrated
from Hong Kong and now lives in Toronto, Sing Tao has changed
to become one of the most pro-communist-party newspapers in
Hong Kong.
So used to have a political column in global edition of Sing
Tao in which he frequently criticized the Chinese government.
The column was cut and So says an editor told him it was because
then-owner Sally Aw Sian was preparing to meet with Chinese
communist party chairman Jiang Zemin.
In fact, Sunday's Sing Tao story was far from an isolated
pro-Beijing article.
The newspaper's website includes a special section devoted
to the unfolding crises in Tibet. The tone in many of the
stories is similar to that in state-run Chinese press: official
Chinese sources are quoted prominently, few if any mentions
are made of the Tibetan's grievances against the Chinese regime,
and reports of suffering of Han Chinese (the majority Chinese
ethnicity) are frequent, along with quotes from reported victims
denouncing the Tibetan protesters.
The nationalism theme is also common, for example, in this
headline on March 28: "Emotional and Teary Attendees
Sing Loudly 'My Chinese Heart,' as 2000 Chinese Join Anti-Tibetan
Independence Rally."
Another headline on April 7 read, "Dalai Lama's List
of Death Cases Said to Be Fabricated."
And another on April 9: "Tibetan Government in Exile:
Helpless to Restrain Violence."
Cheuk Kwan, chair of the Toronto Association for democracy
in China said the fact that Chinese media in Canada parrot
the Chinese Communist Party's line one of the main reasons
Canada is seeing large demonstrations of Chinese people denouncing
Western media's coverage of Tibet.
Demonstrators in Toronto and Ottawa have also denounced the
West's push for improved human rights in China and a peaceful
resolution to the unrest in Tibet, regarding such statements
as support for Tibetan separatism.